Energy band theory is a basis for describing processes and effects in solid crystals under electromagnetic field impact Energy band theory is a theory of a valence electron moving in a periodic potential field of a crystalline lattice Single atoms have a discrete energy spectrum, which means they can occupy only discrete energy levels The Berry phase of π in graphene is derived in a pedagogical way The ambiguity of how to calculate this value properly is clarified Its connection with the unconventional quantum Hall effect in graphene is discussed•Dynamics of Electrons in Energy Bands II MJ Gilbert ECE 535 – Lecture 18 Berry'S phase The extra phase factor is called the Berry's phase and appears in many places in hysics (and in optics) solid state physics (spin Hall effect for example)
Electronic Band Structure An Overview Sciencedirect Topics
